Aerate - If you didn't in the fall, consider aerating the lawn to loosen compacted soil and allow water, nutrients and oxygen to better reach the grass roots.
Reseed - After removing any dead grass, churn up the soil in bare spots, and add some extra top soil if needed. Sprinkle with good-quality grass seed, and keep area well watered until seed germinates and sprouts.
Fertilize - Apply a balanced lawn fertilizer to give your lawn extra nutrients and strength to overcome any damage it might have experienced over the winter. If you have planted grass seed, be sure not to apply a fertilizer with pre-emergent weed killer for at least six weeks, giving your new grass a chance to get established.
Weed - Inspect your lawn as early as possible to assess whether there are any weeds. Remove any scattered weeds by hand, but also apply a good pre-emergent herbicide, again remembering to time this application properly to avoid killing any germinating grass seed you may have planted. Consult your garden center or a lawn service for proper guidance and timing for your area.